Gibberellic Acid Alleviates Cadmium-Induced Seed Germination Inhibition through Modulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity in Mung Bean Seedlings

Gibberellins (GA) are the decisive players in seed germination whose functionality could be adversely affected by presence of cadmium (Cd); however, underlying mechanisms unclear. Eco-toxicological effects Cd (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 µM) on early stages ontogenesis a mung bean variety (ML-2056) were investigated. Seed characteristics along with Cd-tolerance index recorded at seventh day germination. Additionally, endogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) level, amylase activity, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system also investigated Cd-stressed germinating seedlings. Results revealed that reduced interfered GA synthesis concentration-dependent manner. Further, to validate role Cd-tolerance, experiments executed explore effect priming GA3 its biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (PBZ) ML-2056 under stress. Application improved activities carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, system, sustained lower H2O2 TBARS contents, whereas PBZ caused significant reduction growth decreased content ML-2056, suggesting crucial reversing Cd-induced negative effects. Overall, played mitigating toxicity bean, which might used as criterion for developing Cd-stress-tolerant genotypes.